Celso Cukier
Carlos Daniel Magnoni
Hormônios anabólicos, conhecidos como fatores de crescimento, têm importância em estados mórbidos após trauma, estresse e doenças crônicas que levam o paciente a alterações nutricionais. Nestas condições, a terapia nutricional, por si só, pode não ser suficiente para manter as necessidades calóricas do paciente.
É possível que a associação de hormônios anabólicos ao suporte nutricional facilite a recuperação de pacientes desnutridos em condições mórbidas.
Atualmente são conhecidos e definidos aproximadamente 20 fatores de crescimento, que podem ser classificados em seis famílias principais.
Não se conhece ainda o papel em nutrição das famílias dos fatores de crescimento com afinidade pela heparina (HBGF), assim como do fator de crescimento derivado de plaquetas (PDGF) e do fator de crescimento transformador é (TGF-a).
á se dispõe de conhecimento importante sobre a ação metabólico-nutricional do hormônio de crescimento (GH) e das famílias do fator de crescimento insulina símile (IGF), fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) e fator de crescimento transformador a (TGF-a).
A descoberta recente de novos fatores, como o fator de crescimento queratinocítico e peptídeo glucagon símile-2 tem proporcionado avanços no estudo da função e crescimento intestinal.
Estudos com hormônios anabólicos poderão proporcionar novos métodos no mecanismo de adaptação intestinal em pacientes portadores de síndrome do intestino curto, estados críticos catabólicos e desnutrição.
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